Analysis of Home Safety of the Elderly Living in City and Rural Areas

Analysis of dwelling guard of the senile Living in City and Rural Areas 1. Absract physiologic changes and continuing diseases arising during develop process increase peril of diagonal of the antiquated, authorityicular(prenominal)ly the white-haired animate but at their dwelling houses. Home accidents ar the most unremarkably health problem in the elderly. This study was carried forth to describe home rubber of the elderly existent in a metropolis or sylvan bea apply a home sanctuary check call. 512 financial keep up in Turkey (330 in city 182 in uncouth bea) were labeld via face-to-face interview using a home safety checklist during a occlusive amidst December and March in both hundred7.In addition to sociodemographics, a questionnaire including home characteristics and life dash of participants was applied. To describe home safety level, Home Safety Checklist was apply. 2-Introduction Aging, which is a part of life and a nonrecoverable proc ess. Developments in the field of tecnology,health and nutrition increasing life foretaste in the general universe has led to an increase incidence of elderly population. E surplusly in alter countries, this increase is faster.The increase in elderly population by bringing with it social problems, particularly affecting the family structure of the elderly surviving alone is set Depending on the time during the aging process in human organism, physical, physiological and psychological changes argon emerging. reducing with aging occur in the physical abilities, to encompass their activities of daily invigoration and home-related poses an obstacle to the execution of work. physiological changes and the bestride of progress emerged due to chronic diseases, specially those alert alone at home a great deal face with the chance of accidents .An authoritative part of the problems approach by the elderly home accidents constituted. Physiological changes and dementia as well a s some chronic diseases, norooftalmalojik findings, progressive hearing loss, posture, balance and gait disturbances and sensory changes, has led to change magnitude jeopardize of accidents. The elderly, the most outstanding preventive safety applications programmes, one of the progress-related physiological need in developing corrective to troubleshoot instruments (hearing aid, glasses, etc.. ) Usage as a domestic accident may come slightly to removal of conditions must be rigd.Therefore, in new years in elderly home safety and home safety inspection and halt increased the importance of the list. In this context, is widely utilise in the field of health inspection and control lists, and application tools are the most all-important(prenominal) ergonomic evaluation. 3-Explict Statemnet Of The sphere Objective Including Operational comment This study employ a home safety check list and the elderly financial support at home in our country, the shelter situation in th e ho pulmonary tuberculosis and emerged with aging in terms of accident risks in state to bear witness the status of housing are planned. pattern Groups Sample 1The elderly who is sustenance in the city Sample 2The elderly who is start in the hobnailed areas Variables Age This variablesthe elderly who is aliment in the city Gender and the rural areas employ to investigate the Education demograhic datas. sum Status occupational Status House type This variables the elderly who is animateness in the cityPrivate entourageand the rural areas was used to examine the status of domestic Availabilitytheir home. Satisfaction monetary Status Living Arrengement This variablesthe elderly who is brisk in the city and the void Activities rural areas was used to examine the their life style. bail Score p is microscope stage of freedom In statistics, the itemize of degrees of freedom is the number of jimmys in the final calculation of a statistic that are free to vary 4-Methodol ogy Section This descriptive type of study,we selected 512 elder multitude with random consume method. 30 of 512 elder person which we select in the city and 182 of 512 which we collect in the rurely areas among december to knock against 2007 in 7 geographical regions of Turkey in Denizli, Izmir, Ayd? n, Antalya, Mersin, Ankara, Konya, Istanbul, Diyarbakir, Trabzon, Sinop and Zonguldak provinces. In collection of data, as well as demographic information, househ obsolescent status and forms of life questionnaire stating where questions were administered. To determine the level of home security developed by the National protective covering Council, consisting of 65 questions, Home Security Checklist is used.National Security Council, the score at 1-7 in the perfect home for safety aspects, between 8-14 score well 15 and on the scores were assessed as dangerous. A questionnaire containing sociodemographic and National Security Council with the elderly living at home with the metho d to be lineal comments will be reviewed their homes Pamukkale University School of Physical Therapy and renewal was completed by senior students. Chi-square render was used for evaluating data. 5-Data Analysis Section Pearsons chi-square (? ) test is the best- enduren of some(prenominal) chi square test statistical procedures whose results are evaluated by reference to the chi square distrubition. Its properties were premier investigated by Karl Pearson. In contexts where it is important to make a distinction between the test statistic and its distribution, names interchangeable to Pearson ? -squared test or statistic are used. It tests a nobody opening stating that the frequency distrubition of certain events observed in a sample is consistent with a particular theoretical distribution. The events considered must be mutually liquid ecstasy and have total probability 1.A parkland case for this is where the events all(prenominal) cover an outcome of a categorial variable. A simple example is the hypothesis that an ordinary six-sided dia is fair, i. e. , all six outcomes are equally likely to occur. Pearsons chi-square is the original and most widely-used chi-square test. Definition Pearsons chi-square is used to assess two types of comparison tests of trade good of harmonize and tests of independence. A test of goodness of fit establishes whether or not an observed frequency distrubition differs from a theoretical distribution.A test of independence assesses whether polar observations on two variables, expressed in a contingency tables, are in subject of for to each one one some other for example, whether multitude from variant regions differ in the frequency with which they report that they support a political candidate. The beginning step in the chi-square test is to calculate the chi-square statistics. In order to avoid ambiguity, the value of the test-statistic is denoted by X2 preferably than ? 2 this in like manner serves as a monito ring device that the distribution of the test statistic is not leasely that of a chi-square random variable.However some authors do use the ? 2 notation for the test statistic. An exact test which does not rely on using the boisterous ? 2 distribution is Fishers exact test ,this is significantly more accurate in evaluating the significance level of the test, especially with small metrical composition of observation. The chi-square statistic is calculated by finding the difference between each observed and theoretical frequency for each possible outcome, squaring them, dividing each by the theoretical frequency, and fetching the sum of the results.A second important part of determining the test statistic is to define the degrees of freedom of the test this is essentially the number of observed frequencies adjusted for the personnel of using some of those observations to define the theoretical frequencies. Results 11. 2% of the elderly living in the city , 14. 4% of the elderly l iving in rural areas whose age is 80 and over age in the put TABLE 1Examination of demografic data for elderly people living in the city and in rural areas Variables urban center countrified Age 65-69 age 70-79 age 80 age Gender n % n % 171 51. 8 78 42. 8 122 36. 9 78 42. 37 11. 2 26 14. 3 Woman 189 57. 3 107 58. 8 Man 141 42. 7 45 41. 2 EDUCATION Literacy does not know 19. 1 19. 1 61 33. Literate primal School 37. 3 37. 3 82 45. 1 10. 3 10. 3 9 4. 9 center of attention School 16. 7 16. 7 16 8. 8 High school 9. 1 9. 1 9 4. University 7. 6 7. 6 5 2. 7 Marriage Status Single 43 13 18 9. 9 Married 249 75. 5 150 82. 4 38 11. 5 14 7. Divorced occupational Status Works 294 89 154 84. 6 36 11 28 15. 4 Not operative / Retired TABLE 2 An analysis of the homes of elderly living in rural areas and in the city Variables CITY RURAL House type n % n % p Detached 128 36. 8 157 96. 3 flat 202 61. 2 25 13. 7 0. 001 Private rooms Yes 211 63. 9 98 53. 8 No 41 12. 4 46 25. 3 Have shared out 78 33. 9 38 20. 9 0. 001 Domestic availability Good 218 66. 1 106 58. Bad 112 33. 9 76 42. 7 0. 05 Satisfaction Satisfied 233 71 107 58. 8 Not satisfied 97 29. 4 75 41. 2 0. 07 Financial Situation independent 257 77. 9 109 59. 9 Children looking 56 17 52 28. 6 0. 0001 17 5. 1 1 11. 5 Relatives looking accede 3 The testing of the life style of elderly living in rural areas and in the city Variables CITY RURAL Living arrangement Single With his wife With relatives Leisure activities n % n % p 59 17. 9 30 16. 5 0. 5 196 59. 4 112 61. 5 75 22. 7 40 22 friendship is 130 39. 4 48 26. 4 200 60. 6 134 73. 4 0. 03 Accession No Security score Excellent 7 2. 1 0. 5 Well 76 23. 0 27 14. 8 0. 027 Bad 247 74. 9 154 84. 6 The information about situation of erst part(a) peoples houses are presented in Table 2. roughly %59,4 percent of old people living in cities, and %61,5 percent of old people living in rural areas give tongue to that they awake(p) with their husbands/wifes together.When results of Home Security and Control list are inspected look on number of old people living in cities is 20. 618. 18, while mean number of old people living in rural areas is 25,169,59. About %74,9 percentage of houses of people living in cities are detected bad in security criterion, %23 are considered good and %2,1 are perfect. In rural areas however, %84,6 are detected bad, %14,8 are good and %0,5 are perfect. (Table 3) Debate Every year, many old people get injured by an accident in their own houses, or near it. Most of injuries are caused by preventable dangers. Using house security and control list with regular periods, gives chance to value condit ion again, which leads possibility to make those dangers and risks obsolote.In our study, old people living in city and rural areas are found similiar by means of age and gender. This result shows that,HSCL results are not affected this two factors. Educational status of these two groups were examined, the higher(prenominal) the educational level of those living in cities and thus are better home security scores were observed. In our study, 86. 3% of those living in rural areas study continued living in their houses and 53. 8%of living in rural areas whose have a special room ,we have been identified. Proportion of people living in houses in the city (38. 8%) disgrace than those living in rural areas, although the cities have the people in the private room rate is higher (69. 9%).We think that it is significant to consider this situation, while arranging house by means of security. jibe to home safety checklist,reaching domestic usability for both elderly groups have similiar cha recteristics,the average score was not trenchant on. However, a higher proportion of elderly living in rural areas in the (41. 2%) stated that they are not satisfied with our home security-related problems that bode a large size. 40. 1% of those living in rural areas in need of financial support to someone else, in protection from danger at home to prevent the necessary ergonomic regulations is an important financial problem. In our study, we have control in the city (74. 9%) and of the houses in rural areas (84. %) a large proportion of unsafe and risky as to fall hazard was observed. For those living in the city, to live in the apartment, the financial situation is good to be home and satisfied with the condition are important factors in domestic security. For old people living in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and being financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities made in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks downstairs each sub-topic.For old people living in rural areas however, having poor education, living in a private house and being financially dependent raises the security score, and leads danger for security of people. Our results are also compatible with literature . The surver used in our study, includes the different characteristics of house and different activities made in house, which allows to evaluate and be prepared against accident risks under each sub-topic. (1,2) %74. 9 percent of people living in cities and %86 percent of people living in rural areas have bad security score, which shows they are unprotected agains various accidents and falls. Those risks are similiar, both for old people living in apartments and private houses.Of each chapter house in terms of accident ris k assessment and risk profile will fracture its relation with problems which occur with aging also are thought to be investigated. Moreover, determining the injury accident record form is important for audit and control systems. In light of all these records and data will be at home with ergonomic regulations sicken the risk of accidents increasing aging, the elderly and more hale life with a higher level of case of life can continue to take admit measures are required. 6-Ethical Consideration and Limitations While we are doing a research on the elderly to learn their life,we love their private life. So, we take care of shouldnt be revealed their names and other personel information. 7-Research Results and RecommendationsIn line with the results of our study, home security, the importance of quality of life is emphasized at a time again. Ergonomic and architectural creation of suitable habitat many risk eliminating the factors, will reduce the risk of injury. In this context, the health staff by producing a joint project with the architects of the houses in the community who live a healthy life, suitable for all individuals, especially the elderly are thought to be present. withal in this issue of local government, civil nine organizations and government to develop policies and strategic plans are required. 8-Reference www. korhek. org http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Pearsons_chi-square_test